Vietnam AI Law Article 11: labelling real people, real events
Under Vietnam's AI Law, deployers must label AI media that imitates a real person's face or voice or recreates a real event. Art and film get a softer rule.
In the English translation of Vietnam's Law No. 134/2025/QH15, deployers must attach an easily recognisable label to AI-generated audio, image or video that simulates the appearance or voice of a real person, or recreates a real event. They must also give a clear notice when content could confuse viewers about the authenticity of events or characters. Cinematographic and artistic works are labelled in a way that does not obstruct the display.
The deployer duties
The law takes effect 1 March 2026 and the Government will issue detailed rules. The table paraphrases the translation and is not legal advice.
| Content | Duty | Form |
|---|---|---|
| Could confuse authenticity of events or characters | Clear notice | Notice to viewers |
| Simulates a real person's appearance or voice | Easily recognisable label | Visible or audible label |
| Recreates a real event | Easily recognisable label | Visible or audible label |
| Cinematographic or artistic work | Label without obstructing the display | Unobtrusive label |
Where this meets a Sume workflow
Sume has an avatar product that produces talking-head video. If a customer makes one that resembles a real person, the label duty above would fall on the deployer, which is the customer. The Sume docs I read do not describe an automatic visible label, so the customer would add one in their own editing.
Placing a visible label
The captions route can burn authored cue text (text with start and end times) onto a clip without speech recognition, which is one way a caller could place a plain-text AI label. Check the Video captions page for the exact fields before building this.
Open points
- Detailed Government rules were not yet read.
- Which party is the deployer in a given case needs a lawyer.
- The translation is not the official text.
Sources
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